MISSING PARIS AGREEMENT GOALS COULD COST TRILLIONS OF DOLLARS

 Failing to meet the goals of the United National Paris Agreement could biaya the global economy tens of trillions of dollars over the next century, a new study shows.

judi bola terbaik queen marta dari brasil


The agreement commits 195 countries to the goal of holding this century's average temperature to 2 degrees Celsius above levels in the pre-industrial zaman. It also includes an aspirational goal of pursuing an even more stringent sasaran of limiting temperature rise to 1.5 degrees. To date, the economic benefits of achieving these temperature sasarans have not been well understood.


"Over the past century we have already experienced a 1-degree increase in global temperature, so achieving the ambitious sasarans laid out in the Paris Agreement will not be easy or cheap," says lead author Marshall Burke, assistant professor of Earth sistem science in the School of Earth, Energy dan Environmental Sciences at Stanford University. "We need a clear understanding of how much economic keuntungan we're going to get from rapat these different sasarans."


"IT IS CLEAR FROM OUR ANALYSIS THAT ACHIEVING THE MORE AMBITIOUS PARIS GOALS IS HIGHLY LIKELY TO BENEFIT MOST COUNTRIES—AND THE GLOBAL ECONOMY OVERALL…"


To develop this understanding, researchers studied how economic performnce over the past half-century correlated with changes in temperature around the world. Then, using climate mode projections of how temperatures could change in the future, they calculated how overall economic output is likely to change as temperatures warm to different levels.


The researchers found that a large majority of countries—containing close to 90 percent of the world's population—benefit economically from limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees instead of 2 degrees. This includes the United States, China, and Japan—the three largest economies in the world.


It is also true in some of the world's poorest regions, where even small reductions in future warming generate a notable increase in per capita gross domestic product.


"The countries likely to keuntungan the most are already relatively hot today," Burke says. "The historical record tells us that additional warming will be very harmful to these countries' economies, and so even small reductions in future warming could have large benefits for most countries."


The projected costs from higher temperatures come from factors such as increases in spending to setuju with extreme moments, lower agricultural productivity, and worse health, the scientists say.


Previous research has shown that the actual climate commitments each country has made as part of the Paris Agreement add up to close to 3 degrees of global warming, instead of the 1.5–2 degrees warming goals.

Location: Indonesia

Popular posts from this blog

OLD-SCHOOL EFFORTS THWART ‘BILLION-DOLLAR BEETLES’

Image
 Crop rotation and diversification can help combat the western corn rootworm's resistance to biotech crops, research confirms. Nicknamed the "billion-dollar beetle" for its enormous economic costs to growers in the United States each year, the western corn rootworm is one of the most devastating pests farmers face. judi bola terbaik queen marta dari brasil "They are quite insidious. They're in the soil, gnawing away at the roots and cutting off the terminal ends of the roots—the lifeblood of corn," says Bruce Tabashnik, professor and head of the University of Arizona entomology department. "And if they're damaging enough, the corn plants actually fall over." Genetically modified crops have been an important alat in the battle against pests such as these, increasing yields while reducing farmers' reliance on broad-spectrum insecticides that can be harmful to people and the environment. Corn was genetically engineered to produce proteins from
Read more

SPENDING ON ‘ORPHAN DRUGS’ FOR KIDS ROSE 65% IN 5 YEARS

Image
"Orphan medications" represent 1 in every 15 private insurance bucks invested in children's healthcare, a brand-new study shows. That is up 65% from simply 5 years back. judi bola terbaik queen marta dari brasil One in every 170 kids take these medications, which treat unusual youth illness. Although insurance provider pay a lot of the high cost, families' share of the cost has increased quickly. The study shows that out-of-pocket costs for these families surpassed those faced by grownups that also take orphan medications. Some families invest thousands of bucks each year to buy orphan medications, which are medications that have received an unique classification from the US Food and Medication Management. About 1 in 8 families paid greater than $2,000 a year in 2018—double the portion that invested that a lot in 2013. The study in Health and wellness Events takes a look at private insurance provider resettlements and out-of-pocket investing in 526 orphan medications.
Read more

DON’T PINCH PENNIES WITH R&D DOLLARS

Image
 TEXAS A&M (US) — To remain effective, manufacturing companies need to proceed to spend in marketing and research and development—even each time of recession and cutbacks. Scientists analyzed manufacturing companies on the Ton of money 500 list for a duration of 25 years, evaluating a variety of firm- and industry-specific factors. judi bola terbaik queen marta dari brasil The study revealed that spending funding in both marketing and r & d has a straight favorable effect on a manufacturing firm's survival as a participant of the exclusive Ton of money 500 list—the companies that represent nearly three-fourths of the U.S. GDP. In truth, the scientists found that if a Ton of money 500 manufacturing firm was to incrementally invest 1 percent of its average sales incomes on marketing and another 1 percent on R&D for 5 years, that financial investment would certainly decrease the firm's risk of leaving the list by 27.8 percent. This is considerable, says Venkatesh Shank
Read more